"1. Biochemical sensors To demonstrate the concepts and applications in optical sensors (chromogenic, fluorescent, bioluminescent, biophotonic) and applications in benchtop, handheld and wearable diagnostic devices. 2. Colorimetric biosensors To demonstrate the concepts and applications in optical sensors (chromogenic, fluorescent, bioluminescent, biophotonic) and applications in benchtop, handheld and wearable diagnostic devices. 3. Fluorescent biosensors To demonstrate the concepts and applications in fluorescent sensors providing an overview of the challenges and limitations in benchtop, handheld, wearable, and implantable fluorescent diagnostic devices. 4. Plasmonic biosensors To demonstrate the concepts and applications in the plasmonic sensors providing an overview of the challenges and limitations in the plasmonic biosensors. 5. Paper-based biosensors To describe the principle and types of paper-based lateral-flow tests providing the applications and challenges of current technologies of paper-based biosensors. 6. Microfluidic biosensors To explore the concept of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and microfluidic devices and provide an outline of the state-of-the-art technologies in multiplexed detection of biomarkers. 7. Wearable and implantable biosensors To apply the concepts and applications of multiplexed assays to wearable and implantable biosensors in the detection of sweat and interstitial fluid biomarkers for real-time patient monitoring. 8. Readout devices and data acquisition To identify the basics of reading data from diagnostic assays using benchtop, handheld, smartphone-based analyzers and to explore biophysical and biochemical data collection in monitoring vital signs. 9. Design projects To develop a biochemical sensor for diagnostics that will solve a global unmet medical problem in infectious diseases and companion diagnostics."